A pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition that happens when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the lungs. These clots usually form in the deep veins of the legs, a condition called deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and travel to the lungs through the bloodstream. When the clot gets stuck in a lung artery, it can reduce oxygen flow to the body and cause symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, and a fast heartbeat. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening if not treated quickly.
Pulmonary embolism can happen for many reasons, including long periods of inactivity, surgery, certain medical conditions, or genetic blood clotting disorders. Doctors diagnose PE using tests like CT scans, ultrasound, and blood tests. Treatment often includes blood thinners to prevent more clots, clot-dissolving medications for severe cases, or minimally invasive procedures to remove the clot. Early treatment is important to restore blood flow and prevent complications.
