Deep Venous Thrombosis Diagnosis and Thrombectomy | FKMD

Deep Venous Thrombosis Diagnosis and Thrombectomy

Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially serious condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the deep veins in the body—most often in the legs. If untreated, these clots can dislodge and travel to the lungs, causing a life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE). Early diagnosis and timely intervention are key to preventing complications and preserving long-term vascular health.

Understanding Deep Venous Thrombosis

DVT affects an estimated 900,000 people annually in the United States. It occurs when blood thickens and clumps together in the deep veins, usually in the thighs or lower legs. When this clot obstructs blood flow, it causes swelling, pain, and in some cases, irreversible damage to the vein and surrounding tissues.

Common Symptoms of DVT

  • Unilateral leg swelling
  • Persistent pain or tenderness, often starting in the calf
  • Warmth and redness over the affected vein
  • Heaviness or aching in the leg
  • In rare cases, no symptoms at all

What Causes DVT?

Several factors can increase your risk of developing DVT. These include:

  • Prolonged immobility (e.g., long flights, bed rest)
  • Recent surgery or trauma
  • Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
  • Cancer and chemotherapy
  • Pregnancy and postpartum period
  • Inherited clotting disorders
  • Smoking
  • Use of birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy

How Is DVT Diagnosed?

The first step is a clinical evaluation by your physician, followed by imaging studies. The gold standard for DVT diagnosis is a duplex ultrasound, which uses sound waves to visualize blood flow and detect the presence of a clot. In cases where the clot is located in the pelvis or upper abdomen, additional imaging such as a CT venography or MR venography may be necessary.

D-dimer Blood Test

A D-dimer test measures the presence of a substance released when blood clots dissolve. Elevated D-dimer levels can indicate clotting, but further imaging is needed to confirm the presence of DVT.

Conservative DVT Treatment Options

In many cases, DVT is treated with anticoagulation (blood thinning) medications. These do not dissolve the clot but help prevent it from growing and reduce the risk of new clots forming. Medications include:

  • Heparin (IV or injection)
  • Warfarin (Coumadin)
  • Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) like apixaban or rivaroxaban

Patients are also advised to wear graduated compression stockings and maintain physical activity as tolerated to improve circulation.

When Is Thrombectomy Necessary?

Thrombectomy—the mechanical removal of a blood clot—is considered when:

  • There is a large clot blocking a major vein (like the iliac or femoral vein)
  • The patient has severe swelling, pain, or limb-threatening ischemia
  • The patient cannot tolerate anticoagulation medications
  • The clot has caused complications such as phlegmasia cerulea dolens (severe venous congestion)

What Is Catheter-Directed Thrombectomy?

At FKMD, we offer catheter-directed thrombectomy, a minimally invasive procedure performed by our interventional radiology team. Under image guidance, a catheter is inserted into the vein through a small incision. Specialized devices are used to break up and remove the clot, or in some cases, deliver clot-dissolving medication directly into the blockage.

Benefits of Catheter-Directed Thrombectomy:

  • Minimally invasive with no large incisions
  • Often performed on an outpatient or same-day basis
  • Faster symptom relief compared to anticoagulation alone
  • Reduced risk of post-thrombotic syndrome (chronic leg pain and swelling)

Post-Thrombectomy Recovery and Follow-Up

Recovery after thrombectomy is usually fast. Most patients are able to walk the same day and resume normal activities within a few days. Post-procedure care may include:

  • Ongoing use of blood thinners
  • Follow-up ultrasounds to check for residual clot or recurrence
  • Wearing compression stockings
  • Monitoring for signs of pulmonary embolism (shortness of breath, chest pain)

Complications and Risks

Although rare, potential risks of thrombectomy include:

  • Bleeding at the catheter site
  • Damage to the vein or surrounding tissue
  • Incomplete clot removal
  • Allergic reactions to contrast dye (if used)

Preventing DVT

  • Stay active and avoid long periods of immobility
  • Hydrate well during long travel
  • Quit smoking
  • Manage weight and underlying conditions
  • Follow your doctor’s advice after surgery or injury

Why Choose FKMD?

At FKMD, our team of experienced interventional radiologists uses state-of-the-art tools and imaging to safely and effectively treat DVT. Our patient-centered approach ensures that you receive fast, effective relief—without open surgery. Whether you’re dealing with a new diagnosis or a recurring clot, we’ll tailor a treatment plan just for you.

Schedule a Consultation

If you or a loved one is experiencing symptoms of DVT—or has been diagnosed and is exploring advanced treatment options—reach out to FKMD today. Early action can save lives and limbs.

📞 Call 650-404-8445 to schedule your consultation or visit our office to learn more about minimally invasive options like catheter-directed thrombectomy.